cddo ethyl amide  (MedChemExpress)

Journal: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Yellow Wine Polyphenolic Compounds prevents Doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity through activation of the Nrf2 signalling pathway

doi: 10.1111/jcmm.14466

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of YWPC on cardiac injury and hypertrophy in rats subjected to DOX intoxication. (A) The study flow diagram for animal experiments. (B) Average body weight change in 4 wk in rats from control group, YWPC group (30 mg/kg/day), DOX groups (18 mg/kg) and DOX + YWPC group (n = 10 per group). (C) Results of heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) in the four groups at fourth week (n = 10). (D) Representative images of global appearance of the heart in different groups. (E) Representative photomicrographs of the heart tissue sections from rats treated with DOX and/or YWPC (H&E staining). The yellow arrow indicates the injured myocardial cell. Bar = 100 μm. (E) WGA staining of left ventricular tissue from rats described in A for determination of cardiac and cardiac myocyte hypertrophy (Bar = 100 μm, n = 10). * P < 0.05, vs. the control; # P < 0.05 vs. the DOX group. CDDO‐EA, CDDO ethyl amide; DOX, doxorubicin; YWPC, Yellow Wine Polyphenolic Compounds

Article Snippet: They were randomized into five groups (n = 10 per group): DOX group received intraperitoneal injection of DOX (Cat.HY‐15142A, MedChemExpress, 3 mg/kg, three times per week) for 2 weeks to achieve an accumulative total dose of 18 mg/kg , ; YWPC group received intraperitoneal injection of normal saline and intragastrical injection of YWPC (2 mL, 30 mg/kg/day , daily for 4 weeks); DOX + YWPC group received intraperitoneal injection of DOX and simultaneously received YWPC by gavage; DOX + CDDO ethyl amide (CDDO‐EA, Cat.HY‐12213, MedChemExpress) group received DOX and was treated intraperitoneally with CDDO‐EA (200 μmol/kg) dissolved in vehicle containing DMSO, Cremophor EL (Sigma‐Aldrich) and PBS at a 1:1:8 ratio, once a week for 4 weeks , ; Control group received normal saline instead of DOX and received normal saline by gavage (2 mL/day).

Techniques: Control, Staining

Journal: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Yellow Wine Polyphenolic Compounds prevents Doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity through activation of the Nrf2 signalling pathway

doi: 10.1111/jcmm.14466

Figure Lengend Snippet: YWPC alleviate DOX‐induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and down‐regulation of transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β)/smad3 pathway dependent on Nrf2 status, in vitro. (A) The intracellular ROS production of H9C2 cells under the stimulation of DOX (5 μmol/L for 24 h) with or without pre‐treatment of YWPC (50 mg/L for 24 h) was visualized under a fluorescence microscope with 2′, 7′‐dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) probe. (B) The protein expression level of p‐smad3 and smad3 in H9C2 cells was determined by Western blot using phosphorylated smad3 and smad3 antibodies. (C) DOX treatment for 6 h induced the cytosol accumulation of Nrf2, and YWPC pre‐treatment enhanced the nuclear accumulation of Nrf2 activated by DOX; (D) Knockdown of Nrf2 in H9C2 cells was achieved by specific siRNA and the efficiency validated by Western blot analysis. RT‐qPCR was used to determine the expression levels of Nrf2 target genes, HO‐1 (E), NQO‐1 (F), and GCLM (G) in H9C2 cells managed with DOX and/or YWPC, CDDO‐EA Nrf2 siRNA. (H) The TGF‐β1 expression level in the culture supernatants was analysed by Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). * P < 0.05, vs. the control; # P < 0.05 vs. the DOX. DOX, doxorubicin; YWPC, Yellow Wine Polyphenolic Compounds

Article Snippet: They were randomized into five groups (n = 10 per group): DOX group received intraperitoneal injection of DOX (Cat.HY‐15142A, MedChemExpress, 3 mg/kg, three times per week) for 2 weeks to achieve an accumulative total dose of 18 mg/kg , ; YWPC group received intraperitoneal injection of normal saline and intragastrical injection of YWPC (2 mL, 30 mg/kg/day , daily for 4 weeks); DOX + YWPC group received intraperitoneal injection of DOX and simultaneously received YWPC by gavage; DOX + CDDO ethyl amide (CDDO‐EA, Cat.HY‐12213, MedChemExpress) group received DOX and was treated intraperitoneally with CDDO‐EA (200 μmol/kg) dissolved in vehicle containing DMSO, Cremophor EL (Sigma‐Aldrich) and PBS at a 1:1:8 ratio, once a week for 4 weeks , ; Control group received normal saline instead of DOX and received normal saline by gavage (2 mL/day).

Techniques: In Vitro, Fluorescence, Microscopy, Expressing, Western Blot, Knockdown, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control

Journal: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Yellow Wine Polyphenolic Compounds prevents Doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity through activation of the Nrf2 signalling pathway

doi: 10.1111/jcmm.14466

Figure Lengend Snippet: YWPC suppress DOX‐induced cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting TGF‐β1/smad3 pathway, in vivo. (A) Masson's trichome staining was used to evaluate collagen deposition in the heart tissue from control group, YWPC group, DOX group, DOX + YWPC group and DOX + CDDO‐EA group. (B) Relative expression of TGF‐β1, Collagen I and α‐SMA were determined by immunohistochemical staining. (C) Collagen volume fraction was quantified (positive area/total area) in groups. (D) Relative expression of TGF‐β1, Collagen I and α‐SMA protein in myocardial tissue were quantified of the results in B. (E) The protein expression of p‐smad3 and smad3 in myocardial tissue was determined by Western blot. * P < 0.05, vs. the control; # P < 0.05 vs. the DOX. CDDO‐EA, CDDO ethyl amide; DOX, doxorubicin; YWPC, Yellow Wine Polyphenolic Compounds

Article Snippet: They were randomized into five groups (n = 10 per group): DOX group received intraperitoneal injection of DOX (Cat.HY‐15142A, MedChemExpress, 3 mg/kg, three times per week) for 2 weeks to achieve an accumulative total dose of 18 mg/kg , ; YWPC group received intraperitoneal injection of normal saline and intragastrical injection of YWPC (2 mL, 30 mg/kg/day , daily for 4 weeks); DOX + YWPC group received intraperitoneal injection of DOX and simultaneously received YWPC by gavage; DOX + CDDO ethyl amide (CDDO‐EA, Cat.HY‐12213, MedChemExpress) group received DOX and was treated intraperitoneally with CDDO‐EA (200 μmol/kg) dissolved in vehicle containing DMSO, Cremophor EL (Sigma‐Aldrich) and PBS at a 1:1:8 ratio, once a week for 4 weeks , ; Control group received normal saline instead of DOX and received normal saline by gavage (2 mL/day).

Techniques: In Vivo, Staining, Control, Expressing, Immunohistochemical staining, Western Blot